We are providing many paragraphs, long essay in very simple language with the boundaries of different words here. Here you can find Essay on Natural Calamity: A Havoc Upon Mankind in English language for students in 800 words. In this article cover Topic : Explain the term natural calamity. Water related calamity in India and the world. Climate related calamity and its effects on India and the world. Geological calamity and its affects.
Natural calamities are the calamities which are inflicted by God or nature, on man and his world In recent years, natural calam1hes have taken a heavy toll of lives and this is something quite shocking. Natural calamity can be of many different kinds, they are flood, drought and famine, earthquake, hailstorm and a cyclone etc. Major classifications of disaster as done by High Powered Committee on Disaster Management by Government of India in 1999 has a record of Water related calamity, Climate related calamity and Geological calamity.
Water Related Calamity
As India is a tropical country it get hit by extreme weather conditions of flood and drought Floods are those calamities where the dry landmass is inundated b overflow of water due to a river or a stream or a drainage ditch. In recent times we witnessed some floods in the most odd areas of India. One of them was 2015 Cbennai floods caused due to retreating monsoon. Affecting the Coromandel coast it killed over 500 people and wrecked havoc on the lifestyle of thousands. Jammu and Kashmir flood in 201-t occured due to overflow of river Jhelum, killing over 100 people and suspending the Vaishno Devi yatra. The 2013 Uttarakhand flood was even more disastrous. Killing over 1000 people, it was dubbed as the Himalayan tsunami.
It was caused due to cloud burst in the region. Some other disastrous floods in Indian context are 1987 Bihar flood (Kosi river), 1998 Assam flood (Brahmaputra river), 2005 Maharashtra flood (monsoon). At the global level China has been the worst hit due to floods. 'Huang He' river is called as 'the sorrow of China'. In 1931, it killed four lakh people. In 1887, it killed over six lakh people.
Climate Related Calamity
Drought on the other hand is a deficiency of water over an extended period resulting in water shortage causing adverse impact on vegetation, animal and people. In India due to recurrent less monsoon we are witnessing a drought since 2013. Droughts in India are the direct result of monsoon which is affected due to EL Nino in Indian Ocean. In the worst famine, in history of India, in 1770, the Bengal famine took lives of almost one third of the population of region. Similarly, 'cyclones' are other weather related disaster which has affected most continents world over. Tropical cyclones are very devastative as compared to temperate cyclones. Cyclones in India strikes mostly on the Eastern coast. In 1999, cyclone struck Orissa coast with all its fury.
One of the most common chmate related calamity is wildfires. These take place in many countries all over the world, particularly during the summer months, and can be caused by a range of different things. Some of the things that can start the wildfires can be totally natural, while others can be man-made, but the speed at which they spread is entirely down to nature. The two natural causes of wildfires are the sun's heat and lightning strikes, while they can also be caused by campfires, smoking, fireworks and many other things. The reasons that they spread so quickly are prolonged hot, dry weather, where the vegetation dries out, which is why they often take place in woodland
Geological Calamity
Another classification of calamity is geological calamity. Earthquakes are the most prominent in tl11s category Earthquakes are geological phenomena which are caused due to sliding of tectonic plates which results in shaking of the Earth. Earthquakes are devastating only when they are shallow, of high intensity and are caused by colliding tectonic plates. As India lies at the cusp of Indian plate and Eurasian plate, the area is prone to devastating earthquake. Some prominent earthquakes in India are : 8.1 magnitude Bihar earthquake, 7.7 Bhuj earthquake in Gujarat in 2001, 1993 Maharashtra earthquake of magnitude 6.4. The recent (2015) Nepal earthquake also caused huge losses in the neighbourhood At 7.8 on Richter Scale it killed over 8000 in the region. Earthquakes when occurs in ocean due to sliding plates causes Tsunami. The 2004 Indonesian tsunami engulfed large swathes of South Asia and killed almost 220000 in the region also affecting Eastern coast of India.
A similar geological event which are caused in high relief areas are avalanche. Due to loose lithosphere or due to minor earthquakes a domino effect results in downslide of large chunks of soil, rocks and snow. The inhabitants in these areas can get buried in such disaster leading to high loss and difficult rescue operations. Recently we witnessed snow avalanche in Siachin glacier where Indian soldiers were buried Therefore, it can be seen that natural forces have very wide ramification. We should respect and safeguard the em;ronment without polluting it and destroying it Man with all his intelligence is able to safeguard himself against floods, but he is not able to produce, increase or reduce rainfall which causes the floods. Hence, nature still remains our master.
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