One criticism of the Indian growth rate was that it had main contribution services. Industry's growth rate is also low, industry growth rate is also low. But in recent years industrial growth rate has again reached a high level.
It is being claimed that the speed of this time is permanent. India now comes under the category of high industrial growth rate, China, South Korea etc. But these figures of industrial progress do not explain the whole picture. Going deeply, it shows that many irony, strangeity and distortions hidden behind these accomplishments are hidden.
The first thing is that progress in all industries is not the same. Progress in vehicles, gems and jewelery, chemicals, medicines, steel, electronic goods, machinery, beverages, cigarettes-gutkha etc. has been very effective. But the growth rates in Jute and other fiber industries, textile industry, leather industry, food products, wood industry, metal products and parts etc. have become very low or negative. In those circumstances, depressing conditions are more labor-this is the case with more employment-oriented industries Good and low-paid industries have good progress.
Textile mills, jute mills, sugar mills, oil mills etc. have been closed in many parts of the country and lakhs of laborers have become unemployed. Similarly, weavers of Andhra Pradesh, Banarasi Share, Ludhiana's artisans, Ludhiana's sports industries or Aligarh or the lumber industry units of the kitchen industry are all in crisis, similarly, industrial at the expense of small and cottage industries Growth is growing. Although this decline does not appear in the overall data of small industries, but it is a fact that is visible to the eyes.
In the new system of liberalization, the security of small industries is rapidly ending. Where in 1984, 873 items of production were reserved for small scale industries, after the latest 'unreserved order' order of January 22, 2007, the number of them remained at 239 only.
Even if small units of villages and towns are considered to be industry and considered to be responsible for closing large factories, then it is known that the process of industrialization and industrialization or industrial destruction is also going on. The situation of this case is not very different from the destruction of traditional industries of India in the time of the English Raj.
Due to the destruction of cottage, small and old labor-intensive large industries have largely grown in employment. New industries being planted by the country's largest capitalist families and foreign multinationals also employ a lot of people due to state-of-the-art technology, mechanization, computerization and automation. One glimpse of this is to complete the employment data of 'organized sector' industries
In the year 1991-92, 83,19,563 people were given employment, which increased to 95,36,282 in 1996-97, but from 2003-04 to 7870810. That is, in the decade of liberalization of globalization, despite the progress of modern big industries, they decreased rather than increased employment, while capital investment in these industries increased fourfold, the value of their total production was four times the increase Compared to it, it is called 'Employment-free' development.
During this period, profit has increased in these industries. In 1987-88, the share of profits in the net value of these industries was 11.6 percent, which increased to 45.5 percent in 2003-04. But the share of wages and wages has come down from 56.4 percent to 35.7 percent i.e. wages are declining and profits are increasing rapidly. Industry-free laws have prepared many ways to reduce wages.
Now they are laying on permanent laborers who have to pay more wages and those who get the protection of labor laws, they now work on contract from outside, where contractors do not even provide minimum wages to the laborers.
Prime Minister and other supporters of liberalization, live in the name of labor reform- want to eliminate or neutralize saved labor laws. They say that whenever industrialists are free to implement the workers (Higher and Agni) and to implement them. Their reasoning is that our industry will be competitive in the international market only then. It means, 'Competition means the maximum labor exploitation of workers.
In order to achieve this industrial progress, we have to discard many priorities, principles and goals. Foreign multinationals have been given full exemption and today their monopoly has been established in many commodities markets.
Old rule and rule of monopoly and monopoly control have almost come to an end Most foreign companies have dominated by grabbing domestic companies. The power of big players in the industries and funding and business concentration have increased.
It can be said that no matter howsoever, industrial production is increasing so that more people are getting accessible to the people of the country, but this argument is not proved right when analyzing this industrial progress. Actually, there are two big reasons behind recent industrial acceleration. One is a growing export. To increase exports, governments are giving various types of tax relief, grants, land and facilities.
The same idea behind creating 'tax-heaven' such as 'special economic zone'. But this means that we are not producing the needs of the people of the country but for the foreigners. In a country where the minimum basic needs of a large population are not being fulfilled, there is no justification for the processing of the country's resources to foreigners.
Ironically, despite the full emphasis on export-based development, the country's exports are behind imports. The trade deficit is rising. One of the reasons for this is the policy of giving an open exemption of imports for industrialization. The second major reason behind industrial acceleration is the increasing demand for expensive consumer goods.
Fifth Pay Commission, increasing inequality and centralization of income-funding, increasing middle class and availability of cheap consumer-loans from banks etc. have suddenly increased the demand for these items. Demand and production of cars, motorcycles, fridges, TVs, washing machines, ACs, coolers, telephones, etc. are increasing rapidly. It is a question that is appropriate for promoting the production of these items of luxury by neglecting the basic needs of a large part of the country's population.
Drug production is increasing in the country, but due to regulation, they are becoming expensive. This means that the progress of pharmaceutical industry has not benefited the general public of the country. Actually, a part of the increase in new industrial production and its value is confusing or impersonal. Like the new technology of packaging, the value of a lot of items has increased.
The same salt, the same chips, the same milk, the same chutney and ethics, the same fruit juice, the same shampoo same oil is now being sold in the attractive packing, but their value has doubled. The content-that's the same, however, the price has increased. Another example is bottled water and bottled beverage. This new era of India is a growing business of four times a day. The water of two paise is being sold for ten rupees. Do we consider it progress and development?
This packaging revolution has caused a sudden flood of plastic waste in the country. The chemicals used to protect in packing are harming human health. A growing industry is of paper and publications. The spread of newspapers and magazines has increased rapidly.
The English newspapers published in the metros have come from forty to seventy pages. But the news is less in them, the more the advertisement. Advertising spreads false values ​​and enjoyment culture. So this forty-seventy-page page is a waste of time, a cause of the destruction of forests. But do not make the truth about industrial progress statement.
Similarly, the increasing number of cars has become a cause for pollution and traffic jams. Rather than being easy to traffic, this new revolution has created new problems. Air, water and soil are becoming poisonous even by pollution from factories. Almost all the rivers of the country are changing in toxic gutters. There is no way to show all these long term losses in the growth rate of industrial production.
A new wave of industrialization is also creating a new wave of displacement in the country. There is a new crisis of water and forest land. This industrialization would require land, water, minerals etc. on such a large scale, this feeling was not earlier.
The struggles of Kalinganagar, Kashipur, Singur, Nandigram, Navi Mumbai, Dadri, Plachimara etc. are the result of this industrialization. It is also necessary to account for these tragic effects and tragedies, only then the true picture of the industrial revolution will be revealed.
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