Essay in very simple language with the boundaries of different words here. Here you can find Essay on Socialism in English language for 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 and banking or other competitive exams students in 1550 words.
Socialism is the paradox of individuality, which gave rise to the capitalist system of society. Socialism came in the form of a rival force against the injustice and inefficiency of capitalism, which included the exploitation of the owners and workers of the means of production.
Supporters of socialism see the state as the means of achieving the greatest good of the largest community. It does not reduce the importance of the person but rather the community wants to subordinate the person.
Gandhiji also sees the state as a means of oppression of the common people. It can be necessary for the full development of a person's personality, according to the total requirement of the community, thus adds importance to such freedom. It seems that by maximizing the control of the state, the person's interest can be best protected and promoted. But according to the latter, that is, the Democrats can be secured by restricting the above-mentioned state functions to at least the minimum minimum. Thus, two schools of ideas were more different than the validity of their political ends.
Socialism is both an economic and political theory. It wants to end the private ownership of the means of production on the basis that such ownership and management causes social inequalities and inefficiency.
Therefore, socialists want to promote the existing economic and social interests of the people by changing the existing individual society with public ownership and public control of the means of production and distribution. In the west, the present order of society is marked by private ownership of land, mines, factories, railway etc. In our country, wants to take care of state-owned development.
Of these, the private owners use them for the purpose of earning the most profits. The decision about how much and how much to produce, depends entirely on the sole consideration of personal gain, from which all the people are regulated by a small portion. Thus, under capitalism, some roles in wealth, while many walls in poverty. But under socialism, the means of production will be driven by the community through highly democratic state-owned machinery for the purpose of securing the maximum benefit. Ownership lies in actual workers.
Therefore, the socialist management of production will not only stop the exploitation of some people, but it will bring a new order of society into existence where every decision regarding production and production will be done with the views of usefulness such as Of things Each citizen will determine it according to its capacity to achieve it. The State Central Planning Committee will maintain, which will develop and coordinate the various branches of production. Thus, socialism, which came out of discontent between the firearm against the current social system, wants to rebuild society on a new basis financially and politically.
But the methods of achieving this object are numerous and varied, and their differences have given rise to many schools of socialists, each of whom determines the different ways to achieve the socialist ends of the state.
The oldest socialism, which appears in Plato's writing for the first time, is known as utopian socialism. Plato described the state in its Republic as it should be, as it is, as it is. Plato's 'Republic' presented the basis for many later socialist authors, noting that Sir Thomas More, who published 1515 in his utopia, gave us a picture of an ideal state in an island where there was no private property. Utopian socialism found its lawyer in St. Simon of France and Roberts Owen of England. These enthusiastic valleys of socialism have removed the novel schemes of society to improve the condition of the poor. But all these schemes became chaotic chimeras and therefore dubbed as utopian.
Socialism passed with a speculative and idealistic theory passed with a Marx for a practical theory whose classical work - Das Capitol 'and' Communist Manifesto '(with English, 1848) is considered the biblical of socialism. According to Marx, the workers earn more from their employers than their wages. Capitalist employers receive cheaper services of workers but they sell goods produced by labor, at the rate at which the wages are spent on wages and more than factory maintenance They consider this extra or surplus value to be fair by exploiting labor as a benefit. Thus, according to Marx, profit is not valid for theft. Marxian socialism, therefore, wants to eliminate this capitalist system of production.
The second proposal of Marx is based on the materialistic and bilateral interpretation of history. It describes the practical means and process, which controls the indispensable transition from capitalism to socialism.
According to Marx, human society is not stable, but according to the needs of new economic conditions, it is constantly moving towards new orders. The entire social structure of a country is predominantly determined by the physical conditions of life, which is nothing but the struggle for possession between 'caves' and 'no'. In this case, all social and political history is the result of the struggles of class of class, ie class struggle. The existence of this class struggle is nothing new.
At this age, this class struggle has enhanced two anti-economic classes - owners and toilers, exploitation and exploitation. This class struggle will end only with the over-throw of the capitalists by the laborers. Based on the exploitation of labor and land slaves or surf, the feudal system was replaced by the bourgeoisie through the bourgeois Democratic Revolution. Marx, therefore, urges the workers the need to organize themselves into a powerful body to catch power by overthrowing the capitalists, bourgeois. After the victory of the working class, the capitalist class will be removed from the field of production, such as the new Phoenix coming out of old Phoenix.
A new order of classified society will emerge with the industries guided by the proletariat. In the new order of society, the guiding economic theory will be- "He who does not work will not eat." In this way, the transition to communism from socialism to each 'according to their capacity' is needed according to each of them '.
Socialism of Marx has been subjected to the discovery of criticism in recent days. His materialistic interpretation of history is said to be a narrow approach, which ignores the importance of forces such as religion, geography and great men, all of which have played their part, shaping class struggle and class enemies by dictatorship Proletariat to take out
They are criticized and pessimistic, and contrary to the fundamental social nature of humans. But against them, it has been said that in practice, religion is often not in favor of men in power and exploitation of the working class usually has indifference towards fundamental human values; in the cruel effort of profit; Whatever he has accepted is because of religion or due to force. The orthodox economist has criticized the value of Marx as praiseworthy and unscientific, based on the will of many other forces.
Socialism in practice - Democratic and all-opposition anti-Soviet Union or China has also been shown. The latest development is that Russia's great Soviet Socialist Union has broken into 15 nations and states; China has fully accepted the market economy and Castro of Cuba is gaining financially.
The main threat of socialism gives importance to the state and reduces the role of the person. In a socialist state, a person can be considered as a unit of the state, a cog in the machine and the freedom of action without any initiative or self. A major stumuli will be removed and the machine will be reduced to the position of the machine to progress through such denial of freedom of thought and action. Russia's achievements in the field of art and science, however, such criticism appears to be in the form of bias.
There is a proper place and recognition of the creative insistence of the person within the unit of the commune.
Despite hostile criticism, socialist ideals have captured the imagination of the people, and the state, who work for such a long time on capitalist basis, is being forced to accept the socialist pattern. Under the Labor Party rule, Britain gradually raised the policy of making the basic industries social, however, later, the tide has been reversed. Finding the reason for it is not too far.
Socialism as a principle, which is based on the claims of many people for the recognition of their underlying rights against the privileges of injustice of some people. It not only brought prominence but also provided a valuable service by running the evil of the modern industrial system in public consciousness. It is being recognized that political democracy is in vain without its economic counterpart, and a socialist program is needed for the success of democracy.
Socialism is not for any particular interest, but its purpose is to promote the interests of the entire community by socializing the means of productions, distribution and exchange. Therefore, it helps in securing the liberation of labor and the establishment of socio-economic equality of the sexes by the domination of capitalism and homeownership. Socialism, therefore, is based on philanthropic and moral principles, as much as it wants to establish a rule in which no one is involved, but all are given an opportunity to reach their best self, full level, in which the government of life Principle - 'Live and live two'
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