According to a survey, more than 2.6 million people in India have a habit of defecation. Nearly 60 percent of Indians have yet to get safe and private toilets. Being deprived of sanitation facilities of such a large population is certainly a major hindrance in the way of our country's development.
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Article 1 (300 words) on Swachh Bharat Abhiyan
Prime Minister Narendra Modi launched Swachh Bharat Mission on 2nd October 2014 on the occasion of Mahatma Gandhi's birth anniversary The goal of this ambitious program is to clean the streets, roads and infrastructure across the country on October 2, 2019, on the occasion of 150th birth anniversary of the Father of the Nation. This is India's largest cleaning campaign so far.
Relevance of Clean India Mission
In the first census of 2011, the need for cleanliness was given as a major issue, because during the census that year, it was found that more than 26 lakh people in India were washed in the open due to lack of toilets. . The objective of Swachh Bharat Mission started with an estimated cost of Rs 62,009 crore is to achieve the goal of eradicating open defecation in the country. Other objectives of this mission include conversion of unclean toilets into flush toilets, abolition of inhuman practice of scavenging and solid waste management by the municipality.
Participation of eminent personalities
Inaugurating the campaign, the Prime Minister nominated nine famous celebrities for the campaign. He joined the campaign and he nominated nine people. Thus, people joined all walks of life in this expedition and this expedition was intense. Major celebrities such as Aamir Khan, Amitabh Bachchan, Kailash Kher, Priyanka Chopra and Sachin Tendulkar, Sania Mirza, Saina Nehwal and Mary Kom are now part of SBM.
How much success was achieved
Sikkim, Himachal Pradesh and Kerala are the three states which have been declared open defecation this year. According to official figures, till December 16, more than 58 percent of India's families have been liberated from open defecation. According to the Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation, Haryana, Uttarakhand, Gujarat and Punjab will get the ODF category by March 31, 2017.
Conclusion:
Although the government is making good efforts, even then, the desired success on the clean-up front has not been achieved. In order to fulfill the mission of Clean India in the right sense, there is a need to bring about the behavioral changes in the citizens of the country.
Article 2 (500 words) on Swachh Bharat Abhiyan
Under the Swach Bharat Mission, the target of providing toilet facility to 1.04 crore households has been set up by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on October 02, 2014 at an approximate cost of Rs. 62,009, under which 2.5 lakh community toilets, 2.6 In addition to the lakh public toilets, all the cities provide solid waste management facility.
Management of missions
Urban component of the mission is being managed by the Ministry of Urban Development and the rural component of the Mission is being controlled by the Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation. About three lakh government employees and students from India's schools and colleges participated in the initial phase of this mission.
Historical Activities:
Total Sanitation Campaign (TSC)
In the year 1999, the Central Government launched the Total Sanitation Campaign (TSC). Its aim was to raise awareness of the hygiene of rural people and to increase the demand for their sanitation facilities. The scheme was implemented with emphasis on community leadership. Under this, the government provided financial incentives to those families who were below poverty line (BPL). Government aid was provided for the construction of toilets in Primary Schools, Anganwadi Centers and Community Sanitary Complexes (CSC).
Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan (NBA)
Government of India launched the Nirmal Gram Puraskar (NGP) to honor contribution in this field. The NGP proved to be very successful, due to which the Government changed the name of the Community Cleanliness Campaign (CSC) to Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan (NBA). Its aim was to speed up cleanliness in rural areas. This scheme was conducted by the Ministry of Rural Development.
Under the Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan, the government adopted a community-centric strategy. Demand-based approach emphasized on the need to create awareness on the demand and cleanliness of sanitation facilities in homes and schools, and activities were also given to accelerate the activities of cleaning the environment.
The emergence of Swachh Bharat Abhiyan
Programs like the Total Sanitation Campaign and Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan failed to achieve the desired goals due to their inadequacies, wastage and many other irregularities in their plans. According to the estimation of CAG, more than 30 percent of individual household toilets have been rendered poor due to poor quality of construction, incomplete structure, and due to lack of proper arrangement of maintenance. Later it was said that ideological structure, however, continued to change between demand driven by supply driven and the lesson that we learned from them could not bring much change in the state of sanitation due to their experiments. We need to learn from our previous mistakes.
With the introduction of Swachh Bharat Abhiyan, the government has restructured Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan (NBA) in two parts, Swachh Bharat Mission (Rural) and Clean India Mission (Urban). Now the full focus of the government is to achieve a clean and open India in the open and open till 2019.
Conclusion:
The target for the year 2019 is being viewed as an appropriate tribute to the Father of the Nation on 150th birth anniversary. This can improve the level of cleanliness in our country and it can be successful in making the country free of defecation in the open. But the success of Swachh Bharat Mission and the level of cleanliness in the country will depend on the contribution of every citizen, every person in the society needs to contribute for achieving this goal.
Article 3 (600 words) on Swachh Bharat Mission
According to an estimate, due to poor health care and sanitation facilities, about 600,000 people every year in India, due to diarrhea and other similar diseases, they get absorbed in cholera. According to government statistics, there are 45 crore people in India who do not have toilet facilities and they are open to defecation. Not only this, due to the lack of toilets, the danger of sexual harassment of one third of the women of the country is hovering at all times.
On the occasion of Mahatma Gandhi's birth anniversary by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on October 2, 2014, Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM) was started at his Samadhi site in Rajghat in New Delhi. Under this national campaign launched by the Government of India, 4041 statutory towns were included throughout the country and by October 2, 2019, the goal of making streets, roads and infrastructure (basic infrastructure) has been fixed.
Steps taken:
Estimated cost of this mission being run to clean the cities and villages of India has been fixed at around Rs. 62,009 crores. This is a recent scheme being organized with the aim of combating dirt among the citizens of India and creating awareness among the people. People, celebrities, politicians, academic institutions, NGOs and local community centers, millions of people across the country started the campaign of cleanliness across the country. From Bollywood actors to sportspersons and government officials, soldiers, industrialists as well as spiritual leaders, volunteering to contribute towards making India clean.
The Urban Development Ministry (SBM) is controlling urban component management, while the Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation is handling the rural component of the Mission. A large number of schools are also being organized repeatedly by a clean-up campaign under which awareness is being spread through the plays and other means of cleanliness.
historical perspective:
The Government of India launched the Total Sanitation Campaign (TSC) effective April 1, 1999. In order to provide a major incentive to the TSC, the government launched an incentive scheme in June 2003 under which comprehensive sanitation coverage, protection and protection of environment, open defecation panchayats, villages, blocks, and districts in a prize "Nirmal Gram Puraskar "Announced. The TSC was later changed to Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan (NBA). After that on October 2, 2014, the name of the campaign was changed to Swach Bharat Abhiyan or Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM) to fulfill the purpose of Mahatma Gandhi's clean India mission.
The main purpose of SBM:
The goal of this mission is to eradicate defecation in open open till 2019. While inaugurating SBM, the Prime Minister announced the converting the Swachh Bharat Mission into a mass movement and called upon the people to take sworn oaths to spread the waste or spread it to others.
According to World Health Organization estimates, due to the lack of cleanliness and cleanliness in India, the average per person has lost Rs 6500 per person. The Prime Minister emphasized that the Swachh Bharat Mission will have a significant impact on public health. This will protect the income of the poor and thus it will eventually contribute to the national economy. He underlined that cleanliness should not be seen as a political tool, but it should be understood as the expression and contribution of patriotism in the direction of nation building.
The aim of this mission is to open the toilets by creating toilets for families, communities; To eliminate the practice of scavenging and also to encourage private sector participation in this direction, and to make changes in the behavior of people in connection with the formation and cleanliness of the upgraded municipality by methods of solid waste management.
Conclusion:
Although the government has made a tremendous publicity on this mission, still there is a lack of awareness of hygiene in India, which is a major cause of concern. If every person starts trying to keep the atmosphere clean at their level, then definitely positive results will soon be achieved.
Article 4 (800 words) on Swachh Bharat Mission
For the last few years India has been on the path of continued economic growth, but despite this lack of cleanliness and cleanliness are two reasons which have led to heavy economic losses. In a recent World Bank report, it has come to light that India has to suffer 6.4% per year of domestic product per year due to these two reasons. Although Prime Minister Narendra Modi has launched the Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM) under which the Indian government has set a goal of achieving total cleanliness by 2019, The goal of this mission is to have a toilet in every house of India till the 150th birth anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi in the end of 2019.
Purpose of Clean India Mission
Objectives of Swachh Bharat Mission are: - Elimination of defecation in open, conversion of flush toilets to toilets, eradication of mud carrying work by human, collection of 10% of mile and its recycling after scientific processing / disposal / municipality Recycling of solid waste, as well as making people aware about this and changing their behavior so that healthy traditions related to cleanliness Can develop the rivers The aim of this mission is to strengthen the urban and local bodies related to cleanliness and also to ensure the participation of private sectors in the operation of this mission.
Loss in open defecation
In open open defecation is one of the main reasons for lack of cleanliness in the country. It is a practice that makes people discover farms or other open spaces rather than toilets, and this practice is widely spread in India. According to a report from the United Nations, due to the practice of open defecation, India, where the population of people who are exposed in the open, is the highest in the world, every day about 65,000 tons of excreta is added to the atmosphere.
Open-defecation (ODF)
Opening of open defecation (ODF) is a difficult target for our country because it is a centuries-old tradition and it is also necessary to spread awareness among people. It is really a great challenge to explain to them that open defecation is very harmful for health. This is the reason that till now only three states - Sikkim, Himachal Pradesh and Kerala - have got open defecation status (ODF) status in the open. Sikkim is the first ODF state declared under Swachh Bharat Mission.
In October 2016, Himachal Pradesh was declared as open-defeaining state (ODF) under the SBM open. After Sikkim, due to the completion of the goal of toilet in every person's house in Himachal Pradesh, all the 12 districts of this state get the status of the ODF. Due to this status, in order to speed up the cleanliness drive in Himachal Pradesh and run the projects, the World Bank will receive an amount of 9,000 crores. In November 2016, Kerala also got the state of Odif state and according to official data, states like Haryana, Gujarat, Uttarakhand and Punjab are likely to get Odf status till March 31, 2017. According to these figures, there are a total of 113,000 ODF villages in India.
Grants for Swachh Bharat Mission
This mission is a centrally sponsored scheme for which it is very important to get the cooperation of all the states. Funds are raised through the budget allocation for SBM, Clean India Fund and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). It also gets financial support from international organizations like World Bank. The Government of India has started setting up Swachh Bharat Cess (SBC) in 2015, through which money is being collected for this scheme and this campaign is being promoted.
This cess is applicable to all taxable services. This tax is collected and given to the Government of India. Clean India cess was introduced only to promote clean India campaign. This is effective from November 15, 2015, at the rate of 0.5% of all taxable services. SBC is collected in India's accumulated fund.
The Central Government had already announced the Clean India Fund (SBK) in 2014. It was formed under the chairmanship of the Secretary, Department of Expenditure, and the Ministry of Finance. The secretaries of several ministries are part of it. According to its instructions, funding can be mobilized for this campaign by regular social responsibility (CSR) amounts of corporate sector, philanthropist and corporate sector. Also, any person can also grant a separate grant for this fund. The funds deposited in this fund are used for the programs being implemented in the rural and urban areas to improve the level of cleanliness.
Conclusion:
However, in the propagation of this message, 'Cleanliness is equal to worship, people have started to get the tension, but still there has been a long way to achieve the full purpose in this direction The rest is to go. Still, the government needs to work on a full range of work required for cleanliness including the supply of water, safe disposal of the waste and the construction and maintenance of proper infrastructure (basic infrastructure). The creation of toilets is not enough, but also to encourage people towards its use, awareness campaign needs to be run. Not only this, the entire community needs to work together to end the practice of defeating the centuries-old open defecation in rural areas. Every village citizen will have to take a pledge in village-village that he will contribute in the right sense to make India clean.
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